Greetings Reader - Cultural appropriation is a significant concern in our yoga community. However, despite our best intentions, we can unintentionally engage in it. And the reason may surprise you. Cultural appropriation in yoga is often seen as reducing practices to trendy aesthetics, taking traditional teachings out of context, and ignoring colonial histories that led to a commodified version of yoga that caters to Western consumer culture. While these points are all valid, they stem from an unquestioned assumption: that yoga was invented in India by indigenous yogis. If we accept this assumption, we might confine our conception of honoring yoga’s roots solely to that of honoring traditional Indian culture and practitioners of Indian descent. But should we accept this assumption? I think it’s fair to ask: “Does the yoga wisdom tradition state that yoga originated in India?” The answer is no; yoga wisdom tells us that yoga originates in transcendence. While the spiritual culture of yoga’s geographical origin—India—undoubtedly deserves respect, the issue extends beyond geography and history. Yoga wisdom doesn’t distinguish between Western and Indian cultures; it differentiates between spiritual and material cultures. The Sanskrit word apauruṣeya, meaning “not man-made,” describes Vedic knowledge. Yoga, as a branch of Vedic knowledge, is described as a divine revelation, transmitted across generations by self-realized souls; teachers who have attained transcendental consciousness. Therefore, the spiritual culture of yoga transcends geographical and other temporary material identities. Yoga wisdom literature consistently emphasizes this transcendental origin. For example, in the Bhagavad-gita, Krishna makes the transcendental origins of yoga abundantly clear: The Blessed Lord said: I taught this imperishable science of yoga to Vivasvān, Vivasvān taught it to Manu, and Manu in turn taught it to Ikṣvāku. Thus, the visionary kings received and understood this great science through a chain of disciplic succession. Over the course of time this succession was broken and therefore the science of yoga has been lost, O subduer of enemies. – Bg 4.1-2
Today, I am teaching you this same, ancient science of yoga. Because you are my devotee as well as my friend, I am revealing this transcendental mystery to you. – Bg 4.3
Although I am, by my very nature, unborn, imperishable, and the Lord of all living beings, I appear in every millennium by my own inner power, standing within and yet presiding over my material energy. – Bg 4.6
O Arjuna, one who knows the truth about the transcendental nature of my appearance and activities does not, upon leaving their body, take birth again in this material world, but comes to me instead. – Bg 4.9
The transcendental origin of yoga is what makes it a non-sectarian science of self-realization, accessible to anyone, regardless of background or belief. However, despite this inclusive perspective, many members of today’s yoga community mistakenly think we have to look at yoga philosophy through a modern lens in order to make it relevant. The problem with this approach is that a modern worldview compels us to mythologize the religious culture of India and then project that mythology onto the spiritual culture of yoga, which is precisely how European colonizers undermined and belittled Hindu culture: by fictionalizing its spiritual foundations in light of a presumably superior modern worldview. Interpreting traditional yoga wisdom through the modern lens that colonial powers used to invalidate the origins of India's spiritual culture is not the best way to honor yoga’s roots. Instead, let’s challenge this reflexive modern worldview and consider that a transcendental science of self-realization must logically originate in transcendence. As those of us in the U.S. reflect on Indigenous Peoples' Day, we're reminded of the importance of honoring and respecting the roots of indigenous cultures worldwide. It's also an opportunity for yoga enthusiasts to reflect on how the wisdom tradition of yoga tells us that the spiritual culture of yoga originates in a place that's beyond this world. Therefore, the best way to show our appreciation for the spiritual culture of yoga is to acknowledge its transcendental roots and integrate this traditional understanding into our practice. How can you use this philosophical understanding in your daily life? Here are some ideas:
By integrating these practical steps, we can honor the origins of yoga, avoid unintentional cultural appropriation, and enrich our personal and communal practice. Do you have any thoughts about the idea that yoga and spiritual culture originate in transcendence? Does this perspective shift how you view cultural appropriation? I’d love to hear your insights. Wishing you all good fortune, - Hari-k |
Hari-kirtana is an author, mentor, and yoga teacher who shares his knowledge and experience of how the yoga wisdom tradition can guide us toward meaningful and transformative spiritual experiences.
Greetings Reader - Some people think that a yogi should rise above the dualities of politics to a place of non-judgement and, subsequently, non-participation, through the cultivation of detachment. I think this is one of the most common misconceptions people have about the role detachment is meant to play in our yoga practice. The premises are right but the conclusion is wrong. Yoga does encourage detachment from conceptions of friends and enemies—the essence of politics—as well as equanimity...
Greetings Reader - In his Yoga-sūtras, Patañjali describes the true nature of the self as being eternal, pure, and joyful. It’s nice to know that we have the potential to experience ourselves that way. The sutra also makes a clear distinction between the true self and the not self; the temporary material body that’s subject to so many problems. The differentiation between the infinitesimal spark of individual consciousness within the body and the body itself is a fundamental principle of yoga...
Greetings Reader - In the great epic, the Mahābhārata, the demigod Yamarāja asked a wise king, “What is the most amazing thing within this world?” The king replied, “The most amazing thing in the world is that hundreds and thousands of living beings meet death at every moment, but a foolish person, even after seeing friends and relatives pass away, nonetheless lives as if they won’t die and does not prepare for death.” It's true: we usually think of death as . . . something we don’t want to...